The wave of initial revolutions and protests faded by mid-2012, as many Arab Spring demonstrations met with violent responses from authorities, as well as from pro-government militias, counter-demonstrators, and militaries. In the news, social media has been heralded as the driving force behind the swift spread of revolution throughout the world, as new protests appear in response to success stories shared from those taking place in other countries. Governments also accused content creators of unrelated crimes or shutting down communication on specific sites or groups, such as Facebook. In many countries, governments shut down certain sites or blocked Internet service entirely, especially in the times preceding a major rally. Social media is one way governments try to inhibit protests. The importance of external factors versus internal factors to the protests' spread and success is contested. A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world is ash-shaʻb yurīd isqāṭ an-niẓām! ("the people want to bring down the regime"). Minor protests took place in Djibouti, Mauritania, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, and the Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara. Sustained street demonstrations took place in Morocco, Iraq, Algeria, Iranian Khuzestan, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, and Sudan. From Tunisia, the protests then spread to five other countries: Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria, and Bahrain, where either the ruler was deposed ( Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Muammar Gaddafi, Hosni Mubarak, and Ali Abdullah Saleh) or major uprisings and social violence occurred including riots, civil wars, or insurgencies. It began in response to corruption and economic stagnation and was influenced by the Tunisian Revolution.
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The Arab Spring ( Arabic: الربيع العربي) was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. 61,000 deaths in total (International estimate see table below) Saudi Arabia, Mauritania, Sudan, Palestine: Protests.Ĭ.Morocco and Jordan: Constitutional reforms implemented in response to protests.Kuwait, Lebanon and Oman: Government changes implemented in response to protests.Bahrain: Civil uprising against the government crushed by authorities and Saudi-led intervention.Syria: President Bashar al-Assad faced civil uprising against his rule that deteriorated into armed rebellion and eventual full-scale civil war.Yemen: President Ali Abdullah Saleh ousted, and power handed to a national unity government.Libya: Leader Muammar Gaddafi killed following an eight-month civil war that saw a foreign military intervention and the government overthrown.Egypt: President Hosni Mubarak ousted, arrested, charged, and government overthrown.Tunisia: President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ousted, charged, exiled and government overthrown.
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